4Q70 Jeremiah^a

Language: Mostly Hebrew (verse 10:11 is in Aramaic)

Date:  250-150 B.C.

Location: Qumran Cave 4

Contents (English verse numbers): Jeremiah 6:30; 7:1-2, 15-19, 28-34; 8:1-3, 5-12, 18-19; 9:1-3, 8-16; 10:9-14, 23; 11:3-6, 19-20; 12:3-7, 13-17; 13:1-7, 22-23, 27; 14:4-7; 15:1-2; 17:8-26; 18:15-23; 19:1; 20:14-18; 21:1; 22:3-16; 26:10

 

Jeremiah 6

30 Men will call them rejected silver, because Yahweh has rejected them.”

[..]

Jeremiah 7

1 The word that came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, 2 “Stand in the gate of Yahweh’s house, and proclaim this word there, and say, ‘Hear Yahweh’s word, all you of Judah, who enter in at these gates to worship Yahweh.’ ”

[..]

15 I will cast you out of my sight, as I have cast out all your brothers, even the whole offspring of Ephraim.

16 “Therefore don’t pray for this people. Don’t lift up a cry or prayer for them or make intercession to me; for I will not hear you. 17 Don’t you see what they do in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 18 The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and [1]The women knead the dough, to make cakes to the queen of the sky, and to pour out drink offerings to other gods, that they may provoke me to anger. 19 Do they provoke me to anger?” says Yahweh. “Don’t they provoke themselves, to the confusion of their own faces?”

[..]

28 You shall tell them, ‘This is the nation that has not listened to Yahweh their God’s voice, nor received instruction. Truth has perished, and is cut off from their mouth.’ 29 Cut off your hair, and throw it away, and take up a lamentation on the bare heights; for Yahweh has rejected and forsaken the generation of his wrath.

30 “For the children of Judah have done that which is evil in my sight,” says Yahweh. “They have set their abominations in the house which is called by my name, to defile it. 31 They have built[2] the high places of Topheth, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I didn’t command, nor did it come into my mind. 32 Therefore behold, the days come”, says Yahweh, “that it will no more be called ‘Topheth’ or ‘The valley of the son of Hinnom’, but ‘The valley of Slaughter’; for they will bury in Topheth until there is no place to bury. 33 The dead bodies of this people will be food for the birds of the sky, and for the animals of the earth. No one will frighten them away. 34 Then I will cause to cease from the cities of Judah, and from the streets of Jerusalem, the voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride; for the land will become a waste.”

 

Jeremiah 8

1 “At that time,” says Yahweh, “they will bring out the bones of the kings of Judah, the bones of his princes, the bones of the priests, the bones of the prophets, and the bones of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, out of their graves. 2 They will spread them before the sun, the moon, and all the army of the sky, which they have loved, which they have served, after which they have walked, which they have sought, and which they have worshiped. They will not be gathered or be buried. They will be for dung on the surface of the earth. 3 Death will be chosen rather than life by all the residue that remain of this evil family, that remain in all the places where I have driven them,” says Yahweh of Armies.

[..]

5 Why then have the people of Jerusalem fallen back by a perpetual backsliding?

They cling to deceit.

They refuse to return.

6 I listened and heard, but they didn’t say what is right.

No one repents of his wickedness, saying, “What have I done?”

Everyone turns to his course,

as a horse that rushes headlong in the battle.

7 Yes, the stork in the sky knows her appointed times.

The turtledove, the swallow, and the crane observe the time of their coming;

but my people don’t know Yahweh’s law.

 

8 “ ‘How do you say, “We are wise, and Yahweh’s law is with us?”

But, behold, the false pen of the scribes has worked falsely.

9 The wise men are disappointed.

They are dismayed and trapped.

Behold, they have rejected Yahweh’s word.

What kind of wisdom is in them?

10 Therefore I will give their wives to others,

and their fields to those who will possess them.

For everyone from the least even to the greatest is given to covetousness;

from the prophet even to the priest everyone deals falsely.

11 They have healed the hurt of the daughter of my people slightly, saying,

“Peace, peace,” when there is no peace.

12 Were they ashamed when they had committed abomination?

No, they were not at all ashamed.

They couldn’t blush.

Therefore they will fall among those who fall.

In the time of their visitation they will be cast down, says Yahweh.

[..]

18 Oh that I could comfort myself against sorrow!

My heart is faint within me.

19 Behold, the voice of the cry of the daughter of my people from a land that is very far off:

“Isn’t Yahweh in Zion?

Isn’t her King in her?”

 

“Why have they provoked me to anger with their engraved images,

and with foreign idols?”

[..]

Jeremiah 9

1 Oh that my head were waters,

and my eyes a spring of tears,

that I might weep day and night

for the slain of the daughter of my people!

2 Oh that I had in the wilderness

a lodging place of wayfaring men;

that I might leave my people,

and go from them!

For they are all adulterers,

an assembly of treacherous men.

3 “They bend their tongue,

as their bow, for falsehood.

They have grown strong in the land,

but not for truth;

for they proceed from evil to evil,

and they don’t know me,” says Yahweh.

[..]

8 Their tongue is a deadly arrow.

It speaks deceit.

One speaks peaceably to his neighbor with his mouth,

but in his heart, he waits to ambush him.

9 Shouldn’t I punish them for these things?” says Yahweh.

“Shouldn’t my soul be avenged on a nation such as this?

10 I will weep and wail for the mountains,

and lament for the pastures of the wilderness,

because they are burned up, so that no one passes through;

Men can’t hear the voice of the livestock.

Both the birds of the sky and the animals have fled.

They are gone.

 

11 “I will make Jerusalem heaps,

a dwelling place of jackals.

I will make the cities of Judah a desolation,

without inhabitant.”

12 Who is wise enough to understand this? Who is he to whom the mouth of Yahweh has spoken, that he may declare it? Why has the land perished and burned up like a wilderness, so that no one passes through?

13 Yahweh says, “Because they have forsaken my law which I set before them, and have not obeyed my voice, neither walked therein, 14 but have walked after the stubbornness of their own heart, and after the Baals, which their fathers taught them.” 15 Therefore Yahweh of Armies, the God of Israel, says, “Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, and give them water of gall to drink. 16 I will scatter them also among the nations, whom neither they nor their fathers have known; and I will send the sword after them, until I have consumed them.”

[..]

Jeremiah 10

9 There is silver beaten into plates, which is brought from Tarshish,

and gold from Uphaz,

the work of the engraver and of the hands of the goldsmith.

Their clothing is blue and purple.

They are all the work of skillful men.

10 But Yahweh is the true God.

He is the living God,

and an everlasting King.

At his wrath, the earth trembles.

The nations aren’t able to withstand his indignation.

11 “You shall say this to them[3]: ‘The gods that have not made the heavens and the earth will perish from the earth, and from under the heavens.’ ”

12 God has made the earth by his power.

He has established the world by his wisdom,

and by his understanding has he stretched out the heavens.

13 When he utters his voice,

the waters in the heavens roar,

and he causes the vapors to ascend from the ends of the earth.

He makes lightnings for the rain,

and brings the wind out of his treasuries.

14 Every man has become brutish and without knowledge.

Every goldsmith is disappointed by his engraved image;

for his molten image is falsehood,

and there is no breath in them.

[..]

23 Yahweh, I know that the way of man is not in himself.

It is not in man who walks to direct his steps.

[..]

Jeremiah 11

3 and say to them, Yahweh, the God of Israel says: ‘Cursed is the man who doesn’t hear the words of this covenant, 4 which I commanded your fathers in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the iron furnace,’ saying, ‘Obey my voice, and do them, according to all which I command you; so you shall be my people, and I will be your God; 5 that I may establish the oath which I swore to your fathers, to give them a land flowing with milk and honey,’ as it is today.”

Then answered I, and said, “Amen, Yahweh.”

6 Yahweh said to me, “Proclaim all these words in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem, saying, ‘Hear the words of this covenant, and do them.

[..]

19 But I was like a gentle lamb that is led to the slaughter. I didn’t know that they had devised plans against me, saying,

“Let’s destroy the tree with its fruit,

and let’s cut him off from the land of the living,

that his name may be no more remembered.”

20 But, Yahweh of Armies, who judges righteously,

who tests the heart and the mind,

I will see your vengeance on them;

for to you I have revealed my cause.

[..]

Jeremiah 12

3 But you, Yahweh, know me.

You see me, and test my heart toward you.

Pull them out like sheep for the slaughter,

and prepare them for the day of slaughter.

4 How long will the land mourn,

and the herbs of the whole country wither?

Because of the wickedness of those who dwell therein,

the animals and birds are consumed;

because they said,

“He Yahweh won’t see our latter end.”

5 “If you have run with the footmen,

and they have wearied you,

then how can you contend with horses?

Though in a land of peace you are secure,

yet how will you do in the pride of the Jordan?

6 For even your brothers, and the house of your father,

even they have dealt treacherously with you!

Even they have cried aloud after you!

Don’t believe them,

though they speak beautiful words to you.

 

7 “I have forsaken my house.

I have cast off my heritage.

I have given the dearly beloved of my soul into the hand of her enemies.

[..]

13 They have sown wheat,

and have reaped thorns.

They have exhausted themselves,

and profit nothing.

You will be ashamed of your fruits,

because of Yahweh’s fierce anger.”

 

14 Yahweh says, “Concerning all my evil neighbors, who touch the inheritance which I have caused my people Israel to inherit: Behold, I will pluck them up from off their land, and will pluck up the house of Judah from among them. 15 It will happen, that after I have plucked them up, I will return and have compassion on them. I will bring them again, every man to his heritage, and every man to his land. 16 It will happen, if they will diligently learn the ways of my people, to swear by my name, ‘As Yahweh lives;’ even as they taught my people to swear by Baal; then they will be built up in the middle of my people. 17 But if they will not hear, then I will pluck up that nation, plucking up and destroying it,” says Yahweh.

 

Jeremiah 13

1 Yahweh said to me, “Go, and buy yourself a linen belt, and put it on your waist, and don’t put it in water.”

2 So I bought a belt according to Yahweh’s word, and put it on my waist.

3 Yahweh’s word came to me the second time, saying, 4 “Take the belt that you have bought, which is on your waist, and arise, go to the Euphrates, and hide it there in a cleft of the rock.”

5 So I went, and hid it by the Euphrates, as Yahweh commanded me.

6 After many days, Yahweh said to me, “Arise, go to the Euphrates, and take the belt from there, which I commanded you to hide there.”

7 Then I went to the Euphrates, and dug, and took the belt from the place where I had hidden it; and behold, the belt was ruined. It was profitable for nothing.

[..]

22 If you say in your heart,

“Why have these things come on me?”

Your skirts are uncovered because of the greatness of your iniquity,

and your heels suffer violence.

23 Can the Ethiopian change his skin,

or the leopard his spots?

Then may you also do good,

who are accustomed to do evil.

[..]

27 I have seen your abominations, even your adulteries,

and your neighing, the lewdness of your prostitution,

on the hills in the field.

Woe to you, Jerusalem!

You will not be made clean.

How long will it yet be?”

 

Jeremiah 14

4 Because of the ground which is cracked,

because no rain has been in the land,

the plowmen are disappointed.

They cover their heads.

5 Yes, the doe in the field also calves and forsakes her young,

because there is no grass.

6 The wild donkeys stand on the bare heights.

They pant for air like jackals.

Their eyes fail,

because there is no vegetation.

7 Though our iniquities testify against us,

work for your name’s sake, Yahweh;

for our rebellions are many.

We have sinned against you.

[..]

Jeremiah 15

1 Then Yahweh said to me, “Though Moses and Samuel stood before me, yet my mind would not be toward this people. Cast them out of my sight, and let them go out! 2 It will happen, when they tell you, ‘Where shall we go out?’ Then you shall tell them, ‘Yahweh says:

“Such as are for death, to death;

such as are for the sword, to the sword;

such as are for the famine, to the famine;

and such as are for captivity, to captivity.” ’

[..]

Jeremiah 17

8 For he will be as a tree planted by the waters,

who spreads out its roots by the river,

and will not fear when heat comes,

but its leaf will be green;

and will not be concerned in the year of drought.

It won’t cease from yielding fruit.

9 The heart is deceitful above all things

and it is exceedingly corrupt.

Who can know it?

 

10 “I, Yahweh, search the mind.

I try the heart,

even to give every man according to his ways,

according to the fruit of his doings.”

 

11 As the partridge that sits on eggs which she has not laid,

so is he who gets riches, and not by right.

In the middle of his days, they will leave him.

At his end, he will be a fool.

12 A glorious throne, set on high from the beginning,

is the place of our sanctuary.

13 Yahweh, the hope of Israel,

all who forsake you will be disappointed.

Those who depart from me will be written in the earth,

because they have forsaken Yahweh,

the spring of living waters.

14 Heal me, O Yahweh, and I will be healed.

Save me, and I will be saved;

for you are my praise.

15 Behold, they tell me,

“Where is Yahweh’s word?

Let it be fulfilled now.”

16 As for me, I have not hurried from being a shepherd after you.

I haven’t desired the woeful day. You know.

That which came out of my lips was before your face.

17 Don’t be a terror to me.

You are my refuge in the day of evil.

18 Let them be disappointed who persecute me,

but let not me be disappointed.

Let them be dismayed,

but don’t let me be dismayed.

Bring on them the day of evil,

and destroy them with double destruction.

19 Yahweh said this to me: “Go, and stand in the gate of the children of the people, through which the kings of Judah come in and by which they go out, and in all the gates of Jerusalem. 20 Tell them, ‘Hear Yahweh’s word, you kings of Judah, and all Judah, and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, that enter in by these gates: 21 Yahweh says, “Be careful, and bear no burden on the Sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. 22 Don’t carry a burden out of your houses on the Sabbath day. Don’t do any work, but make the Sabbath day holy, as I commanded your fathers. 23 But they didn’t listen. They didn’t turn their ear, but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear, and might not receive instruction. 24 It will happen, if you diligently listen to me,” says Yahweh, “to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the Sabbath day, but to make the Sabbath day holy, to do no work therein; 25 then there will enter in by the gates of this city kings and princes sitting on David’s throne, riding in chariots and on horses, they, and their princes, the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and this city will remain forever. 26 They will come from the cities of Judah, and from the places around Jerusalem, from the land of Benjamin, from the lowland, from the hill country, and from the South, bringing burnt offerings, sacrifices, meal offerings, and frankincense, and bringing sacrifices of thanksgiving, to Yahweh’s house.

[..]

Jeremiah 18

15 For my people have forgotten me.

They have burned incense to false gods.

They have been made to stumble in their ways,

in the ancient paths,

to walk in byways, in a way not built up;

16 to make their land an astonishment,

and a perpetual hissing.

Everyone who passes thereby will be astonished,

and shake his head.

17 I will scatter them as with an east wind before the enemy.

I will show them the back, and not the face,

in the day of their calamity.

18 Then they said, “Come! Let’s devise plans against Jeremiah; for the law won’t perish from the priest, nor counsel from the wise, nor the word from the prophet. Come, and let’s strike him with the tongue, and let’s not give heed to any of his words.”

19 Give heed to me, Yahweh,

and listen to the voice of those who contend with me.

20 Should evil be recompensed for good?

For they have dug a pit for my soul.

Remember how I stood before you to speak good for them,

to turn away your wrath from them.

21 Therefore deliver up their children to the famine,

and give them over to the power of the sword.

Let their wives become childless, and widows.

Let their men be killed,

and their young men struck by the sword in battle.

22 Let a cry be heard from their houses,

when you bring a troop suddenly on them;

for they have dug a pit to take me,

and hidden snares for my feet.

23 Yet, Yahweh, you know all their counsel against me to kill me.

Don’t forgive their iniquity.

Don’t blot out their sin from your sight,

Let them be overthrown before you.

Deal with them in the time of your anger.

 

Jeremiah 19

1 Thus said Yahweh, “Go, and buy a potter’s earthen container, and take some of the elders of the people, and of the elders of the priests;

[..]

Jeremiah 20

14 Cursed is the day in which I was born.

Don’t let the day in which my mother bore me be blessed.

15 Cursed is the man who brought news to my father, saying,

“A boy is born to you,” making him very glad.

16 Let that man be as the cities which Yahweh overthrew,

and didn’t repent.

Let him hear a cry in the morning,

and shouting at noontime;

17 because he didn’t kill me from the womb.

So my mother would have been my grave,

and her womb always great.

18 Why did I come out of the womb to see labor and sorrow,

that my days should be consumed with shame?

 

Jeremiah 21

1 The word which came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, when king Zedekiah sent to him Pashhur the son of Malchijah, and Zephaniah the son of Maaseiah, the priest, saying,

[..]

Jeremiah 22

3 Yahweh says: “Execute justice and righteousness, and deliver him who is robbed out of the hand of the oppressor. Do no wrong. Do no violence to the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow. Don’t shed innocent blood in this place. 4 For if you do this thing indeed, then kings sitting on David’s throne will enter in by the gates of this house, riding in chariots and on horses, he, his servants, and his people. 5 But if you will not hear these words, I swear by myself,” says Yahweh, “that this house will become a desolation.” ’ ”

6 For Yahweh says concerning the house of the king of Judah:

“You are Gilead to me,

the head of Lebanon.

Yet surely I will make you a wilderness,

cities which are not inhabited.

7 I will prepare destroyers against you,

everyone with his weapons,

and they will cut down your choice cedars,

and cast them into the fire.

8 “Many nations will pass by this city, and they will each ask his neighbor, ‘Why has Yahweh done this to this great city?’ 9 Then they will answer, ‘Because they abandoned the covenant of Yahweh their God, worshiped other gods, and served them.’ ”

10 Don’t weep for the dead.

Don’t bemoan him;

but weep bitterly for him who goes away,

for he will return no more,

and not see his native country.

11 For Yahweh says touching Shallum the son of Josiah, king of Judah, who reigned instead of Josiah his father, and who went out of this place: “He won’t return there any more. 12 But he will die in the place where they have led him captive. He will see this land no more.”

13 “Woe to him who builds his house by unrighteousness,

and his rooms by injustice;

who uses his neighbor’s service without wages,

and doesn’t give him his hire;

14 who says, ‘I will build myself a wide house and spacious rooms,’

and cuts out windows for himself;

with a cedar ceiling,

and painted with red.

 

15 “Should you reign, because you strive to excel in cedar?

Didn’t your father eat and drink,

and do justice and righteousness?

Then it was well with him.

16 He judged the cause of the poor and needy;

so it was well, then.

Wasn’t this to know me?”

says Yahweh.

[..]

Jeremiah 26

10 When the princes of Judah heard these things, they came up from the king’s house to Yahweh’s house; and they sat in the entry of the new gate of Yahweh’s house.